Iyunithi yokuvelisa i-electrolysis hydrogen iquka isethi epheleleyo yezixhobo zokuvelisa i-electrolysis yamanzi i-hydrogen. Esona sixhobo siphambili:
1. Electrolyzer
2. Isixhobo sokuhlukanisa i-gas-liquid
3. Ukomisa kunye nenkqubo yokucoca
4. Inxalenye yombane ibandakanya: i-transformer, i-rectifier cabinet, i-PLC yenkqubo yokulawula ikhabhinethi, ikhabhinethi yesixhobo, ikhabhinethi yokusabalalisa amandla, ikhomputha yokusingatha, njl.
5. Inkqubo yokuncedisa ikakhulu ibandakanya: itanki yealkali, itanki yamanzi ekrwada, impompo yokuhambisa amanzi, ibhotile yenitrogen / ibha yebhasi, njl.
6. Inkqubo yokuncedisa iyonke yesixhobo ibandakanya: umatshini wamanzi acocekileyo, inqaba yamanzi okupholisa, i-chiller, i-compressor yomoya, njl.
Kwiyunithi yokuvelisa i-hydrogen ye-electrolytic, amanzi achithwa kwindawo enye ye-hydrogen kunye ne-1/2 inxalenye ye-oksijini kwi-electrolyzer phantsi kwesenzo sangoku ngokuthe ngqo. I-hydrogen kunye neoksijini eveliswayo ithunyelwa kwi-gas-liquid separator kunye ne-electrolyte yokwahlula. I-hydrogen kunye ne-oksijini ipholiswa yi-hydrogen kunye ne-oksijini epholileyo, kwaye i-drop catcher ibamba kwaye isuse amanzi, ize ithunyelwe phantsi kolawulo lwenkqubo yokulawula; i-electrolyte idlula kwi-hydrogen, i-oksijini ye-alkali filter, i-hydrogen, i-oksijini ye-alkali filter, njl njl phantsi kwesenzo sompompo wokujikeleza. ulwelo olupholileyo kwaye emva koko ubuyele kwi-electrolyzer ukuqhubeka ne-electrolysis.
Uxinzelelo lwenkqubo luhlengahlengiswa ngenkqubo yokulawula uxinzelelo kunye nenkqubo yokulawula uxinzelelo oluhlukeneyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zeenkqubo ezilandelayo kunye nokugcinwa.
I-Hydrogen eveliswa yi-electrolysis yamanzi ineenzuzo zokucoceka okuphezulu kunye nokungcola okumbalwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukungcola kwi-hydrogen eveliswa yi-electrolysis yamanzi kuphela i-oksijini kunye namanzi, kwaye akukho nxalenye enye (enokuthi igweme ityhefu yezinye ii-catalysts), ezibonelela ngokulula ukuvelisa i-hydrogen ephezulu. , emva kokucocwa, igesi eveliswayo inokufikelela kwiimpawu ze-electronic grade grade gas.
I-hydrogen eveliswa sisixhobo sokuvelisa i-hydrogen idlula kwitanki yesithinteli ukuzinzisa uxinzelelo olusebenzayo lwenkqubo kwaye isuse ngakumbi amanzi asimahla kwi-hydrogen.
Emva kokuba i-hydrogen ingene kwisixhobo sokucoca i-hydrogen, i-hydrogen eveliswa yi-electrolysis yamanzi ihlanjululwa ngakumbi, kwaye i-oksijini, amanzi kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolileyo kwi-hydrogen zisuswa ngokusebenzisa imigaqo ye-catalytic reaction kunye ne-molecular sieve adsorption.
Isixhobo sinokuseta inkqubo yokulungelelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo kwimveliso ye-hydrogen ngokweyona meko. Utshintsho kumthwalo wegesi luya kubangela ukuguquguquka kuxinzelelo lwetanki yokugcina i-hydrogen. I-transmitter yoxinzelelo efakwe kwi-tank yokugcina iya kukhupha i-4-20mA yesiginali kwaye iyithumele kwi-PLC kwaye Emva kokuthelekisa ixabiso elimiselweyo lokuqala kunye nokwenza uguquko oluguqukileyo kunye nokubala kwe-PID, isibonakaliso se-20 ~ 4mA siyaphuma kwaye sithunyelwe kwikhabhinethi yokulungisa. lungisa ubungakanani be-electrolysis yangoku, ngaloo ndlela ufezekise injongo yokulungiswa ngokuzenzekelayo kwemveliso ye-hydrogen ngokweenguqu kumthwalo we-hydrogen.
Izixhobo ze-alkaline ze-electrolysis yamanzi e-hydrogen ziquka ezi nkqubo zilandelayo:
(1)Inkqubo yamanzi ekrwada
Ekuphela kwento esabelayo kwinkqubo yokuvelisa i-hydrogen ye-electrolysis yamanzi ngamanzi (H2O), ekufuneka ihlaziywe ngokuqhubekayo ngamanzi akrwada ngempompo yokuzalisa amanzi. Indawo yokuzaliswa kwamanzi ikwi-hydrogen okanye isahluli seoksijini. Ukongeza, inani elincinci le-hydrogen kunye neoksijini kufuneka lithathwe xa lishiya inkqubo. yokufuma. Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kwezixhobo ezincinci yi-1L/Nm³H2, kwaye oko kwezixhobo ezikhulu kunokuncitshiswa ukuya ku-0.9L/Nm³H2. Inkqubo ngokuqhubekayo izalisa amanzi akrwada. Ngokuzaliswa kwamanzi, ukuzinza kwenqanaba lolwelo lwe-alkali kunye nokuxinana kwe-alkali kunokugcinwa, kwaye isisombululo sokuphendula sinokuzaliswa ngexesha. yamanzi ukugcina ukuxinwa kwe-lye.
2) Inkqubo yokulungisa umguquli
Le nkqubo iquka izixhobo ezibini: i-transformer kunye nekhabhinethi yokulungisa. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukuguqula amandla e-10/35KV AC anikezelwe ngumnini-siphelo wangaphambili kumandla eDC afunwa yi-electrolyzer, kunye nokubonelela ngamandla eDC kwi-electrolyzer. Inxalenye yamandla anikezelweyo isetyenziselwa ukubola ngokuthe ngqo kwamanzi. Iimolekyuli ziyi-hydrogen kunye neoksijini, kwaye enye inxalenye ivelisa ubushushu, obuthatyathwa yi-lye epholileyo ngamanzi apholisayo.
Uninzi lweziguquli luhlobo lwe-oyile. Ukuba zibekwe ngaphakathi okanye ngaphakathi kwesikhongozeli, iziguquli zodidi ezomileyo zingasetyenziswa. Iziguquli ezisetyenziswe kwizixhobo zokuvelisa i-electrolytic yamanzi i-hydrogen ziziguquli ezikhethekileyo kwaye kufuneka zihambelane ngokuhambelana nedatha ye-electrolyzer nganye, ngoko ke zizixhobo ezilungiselelwe.
(3) inkqubo yekhabhinethi yokuhanjiswa kwamandla
Ikhabhinethi yokuhambisa amandla isetyenziselwa ukubonelela nge-400V okanye eyaziwa ngokuba yi-380V izixhobo kumacandelo ahlukeneyo kunye neenjini kwi-hydrogen kunye ne-oksijini yokwahlula kunye neenkqubo zokucoca emva kwezixhobo zokuvelisa i-hydrogen electrolytic yamanzi. Izixhobo zibandakanya ukujikeleza kwe-alkali kwisakhelo sokuhlukana kwe-hydrogen kunye ne-oksijini. Iipompo, iimpompo zokuzalisa amanzi kwiinkqubo ezincedisayo; iingcingo zokufudumeza kwiinkqubo zokomisa kunye nokucoca, kunye neenkqubo ezincedisayo ezifunwa yinkqubo yonke, njengoomatshini bamanzi acocekileyo, ii-chillers, i-air compressors, iinqaba zokupholisa, kunye ne-back-end compressors ye-hydrogen, oomatshini be-hydrogenation kunye nezinye izixhobo Unikezelo lwamandla lukwabandakanya ukunikezelwa kwamandla ukukhanya, ukubeka esweni kunye nezinye iinkqubo zesikhululo sonke.
(4) inkqubo yokulawula
Inkqubo yokulawula isebenzisa ulawulo oluzenzekelayo lwe-PLC. I-PLC ngokuqhelekileyo isebenzisa i-Siemens 1200 okanye i-1500. Ixhotywe nge-interface ye-computer interaction interface ye-touch screen, kunye nokusebenza kunye nokuboniswa kwepharamitha yenkqubo nganye yesixhobo kunye nokubonakaliswa kwengqiqo yokulawula kuyabonakala kwisikrini sokuchukumisa.
5) Inkqubo yokujikeleza kwealkali
Le nkqubo ibandakanya ikakhulu ezi zixhobo zilandelayo:
I-Hydrogen kunye ne-oxygen separator - ipompo yokujikeleza kwe-alkali - i-valve - i-alkali filter - i-electrolyzer
Eyona nkqubo iphambili yile: ulwelo lwealkali oluxutywe nehydrogen kunye neoksijini kwihydrogen kunye neoksijini isahluli sohlulwe sisahluli segesi-ulwelo kwaye lubuyela emva kwimpompo yomjikelezo wolwelo lwealkali. Apha isahluli se-hydrogen kunye ne-oxygen separator zixhunyiwe, kwaye ipompo yokujikeleza kwe-alkali yolwelo iya kuphinda ibuyele. Ulwelo lwealkali lujikeleza kwivalve kunye nesihluzo solwelo lwealkali kwisiphelo esingasemva. Emva kokuba isihluzo sikhuphe ukungcola okukhulu, ulwelo lwealkali lujikeleza ngaphakathi kwi-electrolyzer.
(6)Inkqubo yeHydrojeni
IHydrojeni iveliswa kwicala le-electrode ye-cathode kwaye ifikelela kwisahluli kunye nenkqubo yokujikeleza kolwelo lwealkali. Kwisahluli, ngenxa yokuba i-hydrogen ngokwayo ilula, iya kwahlula ngokwemvelo kulwelo lwealkali kwaye ifike kwindawo ephezulu yesahluli, ize idlule kumbhobho wokwahlula ngakumbi kunye nokupholisa. Emva kokupholisa kwamanzi, i-drop catcher ibamba amaconsi kwaye ifikelele ekuhlambulukeni malunga ne-99%, efikelela kwi-back-end yokumisa kunye nenkqubo yokucoca.
Ukufuduka: Ukukhutshwa kwehydrogen kusetyenziswa ikakhulu ukukhutshwa ngexesha lokuqalisa nokuvalwa, ukusebenza okungaqhelekanga okanye ukusilela kococeko, kunye nokukhutshwa kweziphene.
(7) Inkqubo yeoksijini
Indlela yeoksijini iyafana naleyo yehydrogen, kodwa kwisahluli esahlukileyo.
Ukufuduka: Okwangoku, uninzi lweeprojekthi zeoksijini ziphathwa ngokufuduswa.
Ukusetyenziswa: Ixabiso lokusetyenziswa kwe-oksijini linentsingiselo kuphela kwiiprojekthi ezikhethekileyo, ezifana nezinye iimeko zesicelo ezinokusebenzisa zombini i-hydrogen kunye ne-oksijini ephezulu, njengabavelisi be-fiber optical. Kukwakho nezinye iiprojekthi ezinkulu ezigcine indawo yokusetyenziswa kweoksijini. Iimeko zesicelo se-back-end kukuveliswa kwe-oksijeni yamanzi emva kokumisa nokuhlanjululwa, okanye ukusetyenziswa kwe-oksijini yonyango ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yokusabalalisa. Nangona kunjalo, ukucocwa kwezi meko zokusetyenziswa akukacaciswa. Olunye uqinisekiso.
(8)inkqubo yamanzi okupholisa
Inkqubo ye-electrolysis yamanzi yi-endothermic reaction. Inkqubo yokuvelisa i-hydrogen kufuneka inikwe amandla ombane. Nangona kunjalo, amandla ombane asetyenzisiweyo yinkqubo ye-electrolysis yamanzi idlula ukufunxa ubushushu bethiyori yokusabela kwe-electrolysis yamanzi. Oko kukuthi, inxalenye yombane osetyenziswa yi-electrolyzer iguqulwa ibe bubushushu. Le nxalenye Ubushushu busetyenziselwa ukufudumeza inkqubo yokujikeleza kwe-alkali ekuqaleni, ukwenzela ukuba ubushushu besisombululo se-alkali bukhuphuke ukuya kwi-90 ± 5 ° C ububanzi obufunwa sisixhobo. Ukuba i-electrolyzer iyaqhubeka nokusebenza emva kokufikelela kwiqondo lobushushu elilinganisiweyo, ubushushu obuveliswayo bufuna ukusetyenziswa Amanzi okupholisa ayakhutshelwa ngaphandle ukuze kugcinwe ubushushu obuqhelekileyo bommandla wokusabela kwe-electrolysis. Ukushisa okuphezulu kwindawo yokusabela kwe-electrolysis kunokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, kodwa ukuba iqondo lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu, i-membrane yegumbi le-electrolysis iya kutshatyalaliswa, nayo iya kuba yingozi ekusebenzeni kwexesha elide lesixhobo.
Esi sixhobo sifuna ubushushu bokusebenza bugcinwe bungekho ngaphezulu kwama-95°C. Ukongeza, i-hydrogen kunye neoksijini eveliswayo kufuneka zipholiswe kwaye zipheliswe, kunye nesixhobo sokulungisa esilawulwa yisilicon esilawulwa ngamanzi sikwaxhotyiswe ngemibhobho eyimfuneko yokupholisa.
Umzimba wempompo wezixhobo ezinkulu nawo ufuna ukuthatha inxaxheba kwamanzi okupholisa.
(9) Ukuzaliswa kwe-nitrogen kunye nenkqubo yokucoca i-nitrogen
Ngaphambi kokulungiswa kunye nokusebenza kwesixhobo, inkqubo kufuneka igcwaliswe nge-nitrogen yokuvavanya ukuqina komoya. Ngaphambi kokuqaliswa okuqhelekileyo, isigaba segesi senkqubo sikwafuneka ukuba sihlanjululwe nge-nitrogen ukuqinisekisa ukuba igesi kwindawo yesigaba segesi kumacala omabini e-hydrogen kunye ne-oksijini ikude noluhlu olunokutsha kunye nokuqhuma.
Emva kokuba izixhobo zivaliwe, inkqubo yokulawula iya kugcina uxinzelelo kwaye igcine inani elithile le-hydrogen kunye ne-oksijini ngaphakathi kwenkqubo. Ukuba uxinzelelo lusafunyanwa xa izixhobo zivuliwe, akukho mfuneko yokwenza ukucoca. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba lonke uxinzelelo lususiwe, kuya kufuneka luhlanjululwe kwakhona. Isenzo sokucoca i-nitrogen.
(10) Inkqubo yokomisa ngeHydrojeni (yokucoca) (ukhetho)
I-hydrogen eveliswa kwi-electrolysis yamanzi ithotywa ngumswakama ngesomisi esihambelanayo, kwaye ekugqibeleni igalelwe uthuli nge-sintered nickel tube filter ukufumana i-hydrogen eyomileyo. (Ngokungqinelana neemfuno zomsebenzisi kwimveliso ye-hydrogen, inkqubo inokongeza isixhobo sokucoca, kwaye ukuhlanjululwa kusebenzisa i-palladium-platinum bimetallic catalytic deoxidation).
Ihydrogen eveliswa sisixhobo sokuvelisa i-hydrogen electrolysis yamanzi ithunyelwa kwisixhobo sokucoca i-hydrogen ngetanki yesithinteli.
Ihydrogen kuqala idlula kwinqaba ye-deoxygenation. Phantsi kwentshukumo ye-catalyst, ioksijini ekwihydrogen idibana nehydrogen ukuvelisa amanzi.
Indlela yokusabela: 2H2+O2 2H2O.
Emva koko, i-hydrogen idlula kwi-condenser ye-hydrogen (epholisa igesi ukuze idibanise umphunga wamanzi kwigesi ukuvelisa amanzi, kwaye amanzi adibeneyo akhutshwa ngokuzenzekelayo ngaphandle kwenkqubo ngokusebenzisa umqokeleli we-liquid) kwaye angene kwinqaba ye-adsorption.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-14-2024
