Iyunithi yokuvelisa i-hydrogen ye-electrolysis ibandakanya iseti epheleleyo yezixhobo zokuvelisa i-hydrogen ye-electrolysis yamanzi. Izixhobo eziphambili zezi:
1. I-Electrolyzer
2. Isixhobo sokwahlula igesi nolwelo
3. Inkqubo yokomisa nokucoca
4. Inxalenye yombane ibandakanya: i-transformer, ikhabhinethi yokulungisa izinto, ikhabhinethi yokulawula inkqubo ye-PLC, ikhabhinethi yezixhobo, ikhabhinethi yokusasazwa kwamandla, ikhompyutha yomphathi, njl.
5. Inkqubo encedisayo ibandakanya ikakhulu: itanki ye-alkali, itanki yamanzi eluhlaza, ipompo yokuhambisa amanzi, ibhotile ye-nitrogen/ibha yebhasi, njl.njl.
6. Inkqubo encedisayo iyonke yezixhobo ibandakanya: umatshini wamanzi acocekileyo, inqaba yamanzi okupholisa, i-chiller, i-air compressor, njl.
Kwiyunithi yokuvelisa i-hydrogen ye-electrolytic, amanzi ayabola abe yinxalenye enye ye-hydrogen kunye ne-1/2 yenxalenye ye-oxygen kwi-electrolyzer phantsi kwesenzo samandla angqalileyo. I-hydrogen kunye ne-oxygen evelisiweyo zithunyelwa kwisihlukanisi segesi kunye nolwelo kunye ne-electrolyte ukuze zahlulwe. I-hydrogen kunye ne-oxygen zipholiswa zi-hydrogen kunye ne-oxygen coolers, kwaye i-drop catcher ibamba kwaye isuse amanzi, ize ithunyelwe phantsi kolawulo lwenkqubo yolawulo; i-electrolyte idlula kwi-hydrogen, i-oxygen alkali filter, i-hydrogen, i-oxygen alkali filter, njl.njl. phantsi kwesenzo sepompo yokujikeleza. i-fluid cooler ize ibuyele kwi-electrolyzer ukuze iqhubeke ne-electrolysis.
Uxinzelelo lwenkqubo luhlengahlengiswa ngenkqubo yolawulo loxinzelelo kunye nenkqubo yolawulo loxinzelelo olwahlukileyo ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zeenkqubo ezilandelayo kunye nokugcinwa kwazo.
I-hydrogen eveliswa yi-electrolysis yamanzi ineengenelo zobunyulu obuphezulu kunye nokungcola okuncinci. Ngokwesiqhelo, ukungcola kwi-hydrogen eveliswa yi-electrolysis yamanzi yioksijini namanzi kuphela, kwaye akukho ezinye izinto (ezinokuthintela ukutyhefa kwezinye ii-catalysts), ezibonelela ngokulula ukuvelisa i-hydrogen ecocekileyo kakhulu. , emva kokucocwa, igesi eveliswayo inokufikelela kwiimpawu zegesi yemizi-mveliso ye-elektroniki.
I-hydrogen eveliswa sisixhobo sokuvelisa i-hydrogen idlula kwitanki ye-buffer ukuze izinzise uxinzelelo olusebenzayo lwenkqubo kwaye ikhuphe amanzi asimahla kwi-hydrogen.
Emva kokuba i-hydrogen ingenile kwisixhobo sokucoca i-hydrogen, i-hydrogen eveliswa yi-electrolysis yamanzi iyacocwa ngakumbi, kwaye i-oxygen, amanzi kunye nokunye ukungcola kwi-hydrogen kuyasuswa kusetyenziswa imigaqo ye-catalytic reaction kunye ne-molecular sieve adsorption.
Izixhobo zinokumisela inkqubo yohlengahlengiso oluzenzekelayo lokuvelisa i-hydrogen ngokwemeko yokwenyani. Utshintsho kumthwalo wegesi luya kubangela ukuguquguquka koxinzelelo lwetanki yokugcina i-hydrogen. I-transmitter yoxinzelelo efakwe kwitanki yokugcina iya kukhupha isignali ye-4-20mA ize iyithumele kwi-PLC kwaye Emva kokuthelekisa ixabiso elimiselweyo lokuqala kunye nokwenza utshintsho oluchaseneyo kunye nokubalwa kwe-PID, isignali ye-20~4mA iyakhutshwa kwaye ithunyelwe kwikhabhinethi yokulungisa ukuze kulungiswe ubungakanani bombane we-electrolysis, ngaloo ndlela kufezekiswa injongo yohlengahlengiso oluzenzekelayo lokuveliswa kwe-hydrogen ngokweenguqu kumthwalo we-hydrogen.
Izixhobo zokuvelisa i-hydrogen nge-electrolysis yamanzi e-alkaline ziquka ikakhulu ezi nkqubo zilandelayo:
(1) Inkqubo yamanzi ekrwada
Into ekuphela kwayo esabela kwinkqubo yokuvelisa ihydrogen nge-electrolysis yamanzi ngamanzi (H2O), ekufuneka azaliswe rhoqo ngamanzi aluhlaza ngepompo yokuzalisa amanzi. Indawo yokuzalisa amanzi ikwi-hydrogen okanye i-oxygen separator. Ukongeza, inani elincinci le-hydrogen kunye ne-oxygen kufuneka lisuswe xa liphuma kwinkqubo yokufuma. Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kwezixhobo ezincinci yi-1L/Nm³H2, kwaye oko kwezixhobo ezinkulu kunokuncitshiswa ukuya kwi-0.9L/Nm³H2. Inkqubo iqhubeka nokugcwalisa amanzi aluhlaza. Ngokuzalisa amanzi, ukuzinza kwenqanaba lolwelo lwe-alkali kunye noxinzelelo lwe-alkali kunokugcinwa, kwaye isisombululo sempendulo sinokuzaliswa ngexesha. lamanzi ukugcina uxinzelelo lwe-lye.
2) Inkqubo yokulungisa i-transformer
Le nkqubo ikakhulu inezixhobo ezimbini: i-transformer kunye nekhabhathi yokulungisa. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukuguqula amandla e-AC e-10/35KV anikwe ngumnini we-front-end abe ngamandla e-DC afunekayo yi-electrolyzer, kwaye anike amandla e-DC kwi-electrolyzer. Inxalenye yamandla anikezelweyo isetyenziselwa ukubola amanzi ngokuthe ngqo. Iimolekyuli yi-hydrogen kunye ne-oxygen, kwaye enye inxalenye ivelisa ubushushu, obukhutshwa yi-lye cooler ngamanzi apholisayo.
Uninzi lwee-transformer zezohlobo lweoyile. Ukuba zibekwe ngaphakathi okanye ngaphakathi kwisikhongozeli, ii-transformer zohlobo olomileyo zingasetyenziswa. Ii-transformer ezisetyenziswa kwizixhobo zokuvelisa i-hydrogen emanzini ze-electrolytic zii-transformer ezikhethekileyo kwaye kufuneka zihambelane ngokwedatha ye-electrolyzer nganye, ngoko ke ziyizixhobo ezenzelwe wena.
(3) inkqubo yekhabhinethi yokusasazwa kwamandla
Ikhabhathi yokusasazwa kwamandla isetyenziselwa kakhulu ukubonelela ngezixhobo ze-400V okanye ezaziwa ngokuba zizixhobo ze-380V kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ezineenjini kwiinkqubo zokwahlula i-hydrogen kunye ne-oxygen kunye nokucoca emva kwezixhobo zokuvelisa i-hydrogen zamanzi ze-electrolytic. Ezi zixhobo ziquka ukujikeleza kwe-alkali kwisakhelo sokwahlula i-hydrogen kunye ne-oxygen. Iimpompo, iimpompo zokugcwalisa amanzi kwiinkqubo ezincedisayo; iingcingo zokufudumeza kwiinkqubo zokomisa nokucoca, kunye neenkqubo ezincedisayo ezifunekayo kwinkqubo yonke, ezifana noomatshini bamanzi acocekileyo, ii-chillers, ii-air compressors, ii-cooling towers, kunye nee-back-end hydrogen compressors, oomatshini be-hydrogenation kunye nezinye izixhobo Ubonelelo lwamandla lukwabandakanya umbane wokukhanyisa, ukujonga kunye nezinye iinkqubo zesikhululo sonke.
(4) inkqubo yolawulo
Inkqubo yolawulo isebenzisa ulawulo oluzenzekelayo lwe-PLC. I-PLC isebenzisa i-Siemens 1200 okanye i-1500 ngokubanzi. Ixhotyiswe ngesikrini sokuchukumisa esisebenzisana nomntu nekhompyutha, kwaye ukusebenza kunye nokuboniswa kweeparamitha zenkqubo nganye yesixhobo kunye nokuboniswa kwe-logic yolawulo kuyabonakala kwisikrini sokuchukumisa.
5) Inkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi kwi-alkali
Le nkqubo ibandakanya ikakhulu ezi zixhobo zilandelayo ziphambili:
I-hydrogen kunye ne-oxygen separator - i-alkali circulation pump - i-valve - i-alkali filter - i-electrolyzer
Inkqubo ephambili yile: ulwelo lwe-alkali oluxutywe ne-hydrogen kunye ne-oxygen kwi-hydrogen kunye ne-oxygen separator luhlulwa yi-gas-liquid separator luze lubuyele kwi-alkali liquid circulation pump. Apha i-hydrogen separator kunye ne-oxygen separator zidibene, kwaye i-alkali liquid circulation pump iya kubuya. Ulwelo lwe-alkali lujikeleza kwi-valve kunye ne-alkali liquid filter ngasemva. Emva kokuba i-filter ihluze ukungcola okukhulu, ulwelo lwe-alkali lujikeleza ngaphakathi kwi-electrolyzer.
(6) Inkqubo yeHydrogen
I-hydrogen iveliswa kwicala le-cathode electrode ize ifikelele kwi-separator kunye nenkqubo yokujikeleza kolwelo lwe-alkali. Kwi-separator, kuba i-hydrogen ngokwayo ilula, iya kwahlukana ngokwemvelo nolwelo lwe-alkali ize ifikelele kwinxalenye ephezulu ye-separator, ize idlule kumbhobho ukuze yahlulwe kwaye iphole ngakumbi. Emva kokupholisa amanzi, i-drop catcher ibamba amathontsi ize ifikelele kubumsulwa obumalunga ne-99%, obufikelela kwinkqubo yokomisa nokucoca emva.
Ukufuduka: Ukufuduka kwe-hydrogen kusetyenziswa kakhulu ekufudukeni ngexesha lokuqalisa nokuvala, ukusebenza okungaqhelekanga okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle, kunye nokufuduka kweempazamo.
(7) Inkqubo yeoksijini
Indlela yeoksijini ifana naleyo yehydrogen, kodwa ikwindlela eyahlukileyo yokwahlulahlula.
Ukuphuma: Okwangoku, uninzi lweeprojekthi zeoksijini zinyangwa ngokuphuma.
Ukusetyenziswa: Ixabiso lokusetyenziswa kweoksijini libaluleke kuphela kwiiprojekthi ezikhethekileyo, ezifana nezinye iimeko zokusetyenziswa ezinokusebenzisa zombini ioksijini yehydrogen kunye neoksijini ecocekileyo kakhulu, njengabavelisi befayibha ye-optical. Kukwakho nezinye iiprojekthi ezinkulu ezigcinele indawo yokusetyenziswa kweoksijini. Iimeko zokusetyenziswa ngasemva kukuveliswa kweoksijini engamanzi emva kokomiswa nokucocwa, okanye ukusetyenziswa kweoksijini yezonyango ngenkqubo yokusasazwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukucocwa kwezi meko zokusetyenziswa akukaqinisekiswa. Ukuqinisekiswa okungakumbi.
(8) inkqubo yamanzi okupholisa
Inkqubo ye-electrolysis yamanzi yi-endothermic reaction. Inkqubo yokuvelisa i-hydrogen kufuneka inikwe amandla ombane. Nangona kunjalo, amandla ombane asetyenziswa yinkqubo ye-electrolysis yamanzi adlula ukufunxwa kobushushu okukholelwayo kwe-electrolysis reaction yamanzi. Oko kukuthi, inxalenye yombane esetyenziswa yi-electrolyzer iguqulwa ibe bubushushu. Eli candelo Ubushushu busetyenziswa kakhulu ukufudumeza inkqubo yokujikeleza kwe-alkali ekuqaleni, ukuze ubushushu besisombululo se-alkali bunyuke bufikelele kubushushu obuyi-90 ± 5°C obufunekayo kwizixhobo. Ukuba i-electrolyzer iyaqhubeka nokusebenza emva kokufikelela kubushushu obulinganisiweyo, ubushushu obuveliswayo kufuneka busetyenziswe. Amanzi abandayo ayakhutshwa ukuze kugcinwe ubushushu obuqhelekileyo bendawo yokusabela kwe-electrolysis. Ubushushu obuphezulu kwindawo yokusabela kwe-electrolysis bunokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, kodwa ukuba ubushushu buphezulu kakhulu, i-membrane yegumbi le-electrolysis iya kutshatyalaliswa, nto leyo eya kuba yingozi ekusebenzeni kwexesha elide kwezixhobo.
Esi sixhobo sifuna ukuba ubushushu bokusebenza bugcinwe bungekho ngaphezulu kwama-95°C. Ukongeza, i-hydrogen kunye ne-oxygen evelisiweyo nazo kufuneka zipholiswe kwaye zingabi namanzi, kwaye isixhobo sokulungisa esilawulwa yi-silicon esipholileyo ngamanzi sikwaxhotyiswe ngemibhobho yokupholisa efunekayo.
Umzimba wepompo yezixhobo ezinkulu ufuna nokuba amanzi okupholisa athathe inxaxheba.
(9) Inkqubo yokuzalisa initrogen kunye nokucoca initrogen
Ngaphambi kokulungisa nokusebenzisa isixhobo, inkqubo kufuneka izaliswe yi-nitrogen ukuze kuvavanywe ukuqina komoya. Ngaphambi kokuba kuqaliswe inkqubo eqhelekileyo, isigaba segesi senkqubo kufuneka sicocwe nge-nitrogen ukuqinisekisa ukuba igesi ekwisithuba sesigaba segesi kumacala omabini e-hydrogen kunye ne-oxygen ikude noluhlu olunokutsha noluqhumayo.
Emva kokuba izixhobo zivaliwe, inkqubo yolawulo iya kugcina uxinzelelo ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye igcine ubungakanani obuthile be-hydrogen kunye ne-oksijini ngaphakathi kwenkqubo. Ukuba uxinzelelo lusafumaneka xa izixhobo zivuliwe, akukho mfuneko yokwenza ukucoca. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba lonke uxinzelelo lususiwe, kuya kufuneka luhlanjululwe kwakhona. Isenzo sokucoca i-nitrogen.
(10) Inkqubo yokomisa i-hydrogen (yokucoca) (ukhetho)
I-hydrogen eveliswa yi-electrolysis yamanzi isuswa umswakama yi-dryer ehambelanayo, kwaye ekugqibeleni ihlanjululwe nge-sintered nickel tube filter ukuze kufunyanwe i-hydrogen eyomileyo. (Ngokweemfuno zomsebenzisi kwi-hydrogen yemveliso, inkqubo inokongeza isixhobo sokucoca, kwaye ukucoca kusebenzisa i-palladium-platinum bimetallic catalytic deoxidation).
I-hydrogen eveliswa sisixhobo sokuvelisa i-hydrogen se-electrolysis yamanzi ithunyelwa kwisixhobo sokucoca i-hydrogen ngetanki ye-buffer.
I-hydrogen iqala idlule kwinqaba yokukhupha i-oxygen. Phantsi kwesenzo se-catalyst, i-oxygen ekwi-hydrogen idibana ne-hydrogen ukuze ivelise amanzi.
Ifomula yokusabela: 2H2+O2 2H2O.
Emva koko, i-hydrogen idlula kwi-hydrogen condenser (epholisa igesi ukuze idibanise umphunga wamanzi kwigesi ukuze ivelise amanzi, kwaye amanzi adibeneyo akhutshwa ngokuzenzekelayo kwinkqubo ngesixhobo sokuqokelela ulwelo) aze angene kwinqaba yokufunxa.
Ixesha leposi: Meyi-14-2024
