Yintoni uVavanyo olungaLonakalisi?
Uvavanyo olungonakalisi bubuchule obusebenzayo obuvumela abahloli ukuba baqokelele idatha ngaphandle kokonakalisa imveliso. Isetyenziselwa ukuhlola iziphene kunye nokuthotywa kwezinto ngaphakathi kwezinto ngaphandle kokutshatyalaliswa okanye ukutshatyalaliswa kwemveliso.
Uvavanyo olungabhubhiyo (NDT) kunye nokuhlolwa okungonakalisi (NDI) yimiqathango efanayo ebhekisela ekuvavanyeni ngaphandle kokwenza umonakalo kwinto. Ngamanye amazwi, i-NDT isetyenziselwa ukuvavanya okungonakalisi, ngelixa i-NDI isetyenziselwa ukuhlolwa kokupasa / ukungaphumeleli.
Kwezinye iimeko, uvavanyo olungonakalisi (NDT) kunye nokuhlolwa okungonakalisi (NDI) kunokusetyenziswa ngokungafaniyo, zombini kubhekiselele ekuvavanyeni kwezinto ngaphandle kokwenza umonakalo. Ngamanye amazwi, i-NDT isetyenziselwa ukuvavanya okungonakalisi, ngelixa i-NDI isetyenziselwa ukuhlolwa kokupasa / ukungaphumeleli. Njengoko eli candelo likwabandakanya iindlela ze-NDT phantsi kokuhlolwa okungonakalisi, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uhlukanise phakathi kwezi zimbini ngokuxhomekeke kwisicelo sakho kunye nenjongo.
Ezona njongo zimbini ze-NDT zezi:
Uvavanyo lomgangatho: Ukuqwalasela imiba kwiimveliso ezenziweyo kunye namacandelo. Ngokomzekelo, isetyenziselwa ukuhlola ukuchithwa kwe-casting, i-welding defects, njl.
Uvavanyo lobomi: Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwemveliso. Ingasetyenziselwa ukujonga izinto ezingaqhelekanga kusetyenziso lwexesha elide lwezakhiwo kunye neziseko.
Izinto eziluncedo zoVavanyo olungangonakalisi
Uvavanyo olungonakalisi lubonelela ngeendlela ezikhuselekileyo nezisebenzayo zokuhlola izinto ngolu hlobo lulandelayo.
Ukuchaneka okuphezulu, kulula ukufumana iziphene ezingenakubonwa ukusuka phezulu.
Akukho monakalo kwizinto, ezikhoyo kulo lonke uhlolo.
Ukwandisa ukuthembeka kwemveliso
Chonga ukulungiswa kwangexesha okanye ukutshintshwa
Isizathu sokuba uvavanyo olungonakalisi luchaneke ngokukodwa kwaye lusebenza kukuba lunokuchonga iziphene zangaphakathi zento ngaphandle kokuyonakalisa. Le ndlela ifana nokuhlolwa kwe-X-ray, enokubonisa indawo yokuphuka ekunzima ukuyigweba ngaphandle.
Uvavanyo olungonakalisi (NDT) lungasetyenziselwa ukuhlolwa kwemveliso ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa, njengoko le ndlela ayingcolisi okanye yonakalise imveliso. Oku kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iimveliso ezihloliweyo zifumana ukuhlolwa okungcono, oko kwandisa ukuthembeka kwemveliso. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezithile, amanyathelo amaninzi okulungiselela anokufuneka, anokuthi abize kakhulu.
Iindlela zeeNdlela eziqhelekileyo ze-NDT
Kukho iindlela ezininzi ezisetyenziswa kuvavanyo olungonakalisi, kwaye zinemigangatho eyahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke kwiziphene okanye izixhobo eziza kuvavanywa.
Uvavanyo lweRadiographic (RT)
Uvavanyo olungonakalisi (NDT) lungasetyenziselwa ukuhlolwa ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa kwempahla, njengoko le ndlela ayingcolisi okanye yonakalise imveliso. Oku kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iimveliso ezihloliweyo zifumana uhlolo olungcono, ngaloo ndlela ukwandisa ukuthembeka kwemveliso. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, amanyathelo amaninzi okulungiselela anokufuneka, anokubiza kakhulu. Uvavanyo lweRadiographic (RT) lusebenzisa ii-X-reyi kunye nemitha ye-gamma ukuhlola izinto. I-RT ibona iziphene ngokusebenzisa umahluko kubukhulu bomfanekiso kwii-engile ezahlukeneyo. I-Computerized tomography (CT) yenye yeendlela zokucinga ze-NDT ze-industry ezibonelela nge-cross-sectional kunye nemifanekiso ye-3D yezinto ngexesha lokuhlolwa. Olu phawu luvumela uhlalutyo olunzulu lweziphene zangaphakathi okanye ubukhulu. Kufanelekile ukulinganisa ubukhulu beepleyiti zetsimbi kunye nophando lwangaphakathi lwezakhiwo. Ngaphambi kokusebenza kwenkqubo, ingqwalasela ethile kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo: ukuqaphela okukhulu kufuneka kusetyenziswe ekusebenziseni imisebe. I-RT isetyenziselwa uhlalutyo lwangaphakathi lweebhetri ze-lithium-ion kunye neebhodi zeesekethe ze-elektroniki. Isenokusetyenziswa ukukhangela iziphene kwimibhobho kunye ne-welds ezifakwe kwizityalo zamandla, iifektri kunye nezinye izakhiwo.
Uvavanyo lweUltrasonic (UT)
Uvavanyo lwe-Ultrasonic (UT) lusebenzisa amaza e-ultrasonic ukubona izinto. Ngokulinganisa ukubonakaliswa kwamaza omsindo ebusweni bezinto eziphathekayo, i-UT inokubona imeko yangaphakathi yezinto. I-UT isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kumashishini amaninzi njengendlela yokuvavanya engonakalisiyo engonakalisi izinto. Isetyenziselwa ukufumanisa iziphene zangaphakathi kwiimveliso kunye neziphene kwizinto ezilinganayo ezifana neekhoyili eziqengqelekayo. Iinkqubo ze-UT zikhuselekile kwaye kulula ukuzisebenzisa, kodwa zinemida xa kufikwa kwizinto ezinokwakheka ngokungaqhelekanga. Zisetyenziselwa ukufumanisa iziphene zangaphakathi kwiimveliso kunye nokuhlola izinto ezilinganayo ezifana neekhoyili eziqengqelekayo.
Uvavanyo luka-Eddy lwangoku (Electromagnetic) (ET)
Kuvavanyo lwe-eddy current (EC), ikhoyili ene-alternating current ibekwe kufutshane nomphezulu wento. Umjelo okhoyo kwikhoyili uvelisa i-eddy yangoku ejikelezayo kufutshane nomphezulu wento, ilandela umgaqo wokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic. Iziphene ezingaphezulu, ezinje ngeentanda, ziye zibonwe. Uvavanyo lwe-EC yenye yezona ndlela zixhaphakileyo zovavanyo ezingonakalisiyo ezifuna kungabikho ukusetyenzwa kwangaphambili okanye ukusetyenzwa ngasemva. Ilungele kakhulu ukulinganisa ubukhulu, ukuhlolwa kwesakhiwo, kunye nezinye iindawo, kwaye isoloko isetyenziswa kwizityalo zokuvelisa. Nangona kunjalo, uvavanyo lwe-EC lunokubona kuphela izinto zokuqhuba.
Uvavanyo lweMagnetic Particle (MT)
Uvavanyo lweMagnetic Particle (MT) lusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa iziphene ngaphantsi nje komphezulu wezixhobo kwisisombululo sokuhlola esiqulethe umgubo wamagnetic. Umsinga wombane usetyenziswa kwinto ukuyihlola ngokuguqula ipateni yomgubo wemagnethi kumphezulu wento. Xa ukudibana kwangoku kukho iziphene apho, kuya kudala indawo evuzayo yokuvuza apho isiphene sikhona.
Isetyenziselwa ukubona iintanda ezingenzulwanga/ezicolekileyo kumphezulu, kwaye iyafumaneka kwiinqwelomoya, iimoto, kunye neendawo zikaloliwe.
Uvavanyo olungeneyo (PT)
Uvavanyo lwe-Penetrant (PT) lubhekisela kwindlela yokuzalisa ingaphakathi lesiphene ngokufaka i-penetrant into usebenzisa isenzo se-capillary. Emva kokucubungula, i-surface penetrant iyasuswa. I-Penetrant engene ngaphakathi kwesiphene ayinakuhlanjwa kwaye igcinwe. Ngokunikezela ngomphuhlisi, isiphene siya kuthatyathwa kwaye sibonakale. I-PT ifanelekile kuphela ukuhlolwa kwesiphene somphezulu, ifuna ukuqhutyelwa kwexesha elide kunye nexesha elide, kwaye ayifanelekanga ukuhlolwa kwangaphakathi. Isetyenziselwa ukuhlola iiblade ze-injini ye-turbojet kunye neendawo zemoto.
Ezinye iindlela
Inkqubo yokuvavanya impembelelo yehammer idla ngokuphathwa ngabaqhubi abahlola imeko yangaphakathi yento ngokuyibetha kunye nokuphulaphula isandi esibangelwayo. Le ndlela isebenzisa umgaqo ofanayo apho ikomityi yeti engatshintshiyo ivelisa isandi esicacileyo xa ibethiwe, ngelixa eyaphukileyo ivelisa isandi esibi. Le ndlela yokuvavanya ikwasetyenziselwa ukuhlola iibholiti ezixekileyo, ii-asi zikaloliwe, kunye neendonga zangaphandle. Ukuhlola okubonwayo yenye yezona ndlela zilula kwaye zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ezingonakalisiyo apho abasebenzi bajonga inkangeleko yangaphandle yento. Uvavanyo olungonakalisiyo lubonelela ngeenzuzo kulawulo lomgangatho wokusa, ukubunjwa, imveliso eqengqelekayo, imibhobho, iinkqubo ze-welding, njl.njl., ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwa ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka kofakelo lwamashishini. Ikwasetyenziselwa ukugcina izibonelelo zezothutho ezifana neebhulorho, iitonela, amavili kaloliwe neeasi, iinqwelo-moya, iinqanawa, izithuthi, kwakunye nokuhlola oomatshini bomoya, imibhobho, namatanki amanzi emizi-mveliso yombane kunye nezinye iziseko zobomi bemihla ngemihla. Ngaphaya koko, ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji ye-NDT kwimimandla engeyiyo eyemizi-mveliso efana neentsalela zenkcubeko, imisebenzi yobugcisa, ulwahlulo lweziqhamo, kunye novavanyo lokujonga i-thermal iya ibaluleke kakhulu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-08-2023
