Izilungisi zekopolo zizinto ezibalulekileyo kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino, ingakumbi kumashishini okucoca nge-electroplating kunye nokucoca ngesinyithi. Ezi zilungisi zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuguquleni umsinga otshintshanayo (AC) ube ngumsinga othe ngqo (DC) wokucoca nge-electrolytic kobhedu. Ukuqonda umgaqo osebenzayo wezilungisi zekopolo ze-electrolytic kubalulekile ekuqondeni ukubaluleka kwazo kwizicelo zoshishino.
Umgaqo osebenzayo we-electrolytic copper rectifier ubandakanya ukuguqulwa kwe-AC ibe yi-DC ngenkqubo ye-electrolysis. I-Electrolysis yinkqubo yekhemikhali esebenzisa umbane osebenza ngombane ukuqhuba impendulo yekhemikhali engazenzekeliyo. Kwimeko yokucocwa kobhedu, i-rectifier yenza kube lula ukufakwa kobhedu olucocekileyo kwi-cathode ngokudlulisa umbane olawulwayo we-DC ngesisombululo se-copper sulfate.
Izinto ezisisiseko ze-electrolytic copper rectifier ziquka i-transformer, iyunithi yokulungisa, kunye nenkqubo yolawulo. I-transformer inoxanduva lokunciphisa unikezelo lwe-AC oluphezulu ukuya kwi-voltage ephantsi efanelekileyo kwinkqubo ye-electrolytic. Iyunithi yokulungisa, edla ngokuba nee-diodes okanye i-thyristors, iguqula i-AC ibe yi-DC ngokuvumela ukuhamba kombane kwicala elinye kuphela. Inkqubo yolawulo ilawula i-voltage yokuphuma kunye nombane ukuqinisekisa iimeko ezichanekileyo nezizinzileyo zenkqubo yokucoca i-electrolytic.
Inkqubo yokucocwa kwe-electrolytic copper iqala ngokulungiswa kwe-electrolyte, eyisisombululo se-copper sulfate kunye ne-sulfuric acid. I-anode, edla ngokwenziwa nge-copper engcolileyo, kunye ne-cathode, eyenziwe nge-copper ecocekileyo, zintywiliselwa kwi-electrolyte. Xa i-rectifier isebenza, iguqula i-AC supply ibe yi-DC, kwaye umbane uphuma kwi-anode uye kwi-cathode nge-electrolyte.
Kwi-anode, ubhedu olungcolileyo lufakwa kwi-oxidation, lukhuphe ii-ions zobhedu kwi-electrolyte. Ezi i-ions zobhedu emva koko ziyahamba ngesicombululo kwaye zibekwe kwi-cathode njengobhedu olucocekileyo. Oku kuhamba okuqhubekayo kombane kunye nokufakwa kwee-ions zobhedu ezikhethiweyo kwi-cathode kubangela ukucocwa kobhedu, okwenza ukuba lufaneleke kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zoshishino.
Umgaqo osebenzayo we-electrolytic copper rectifier usekelwe kwimithetho esisiseko ye-electrolysis, ingakumbi imithetho kaFaraday. Le mithetho ilawula imiba yobungakanani be-electrolysis kwaye inika isiseko sokuqonda ubudlelwane phakathi kobungakanani bento ebekwe kuyo kunye nobungakanani bombane odlula kwi-electrolyte.
Umthetho wokuqala kaFaraday uthi ubungakanani botshintsho lweekhemikhali oluveliswa ngumbane luhambelana nobungakanani bombane odlula kwi-electrolyte. Kwimeko yokucocwa kobhedu nge-electrolytic, lo mthetho umisela ubungakanani bobhedu olucocekileyo olubekwe kwi-cathode ngokusekelwe kumbane odlula kwi-rectifier kunye nobude benkqubo ye-electrolysis.
Umthetho wesibini kaFaraday unxulumanisa ubungakanani bento ebekwe ngexesha le-electrolysis nobunzima obulinganayo bento kunye nobungakanani bombane obudlula kwi-electrolyte. Lo mthetho ubalulekile ekumiseleni ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yokucocwa kobhedu nge-electrolytic kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuveliswa rhoqo kobhedu olukumgangatho ophezulu.
Ukongeza kwimithetho kaFaraday, umgaqo osebenzayo wee-electrolytic copper rectifiers ukwabandakanya nokuqwalaselwa kokulawulwa kwe-voltage, ulawulo lwangoku, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yokucoca. Inkqubo yolawulo lwe-rectifier idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni i-voltage kunye namanqanaba afunekayo angoku, abalulekileyo ekufezekiseni umgangatho kunye nobunyulu obufunekayo be-copper ecociweyo.
Ngaphezu koko, ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yokucoca ubhedu nge-electrolytic kuphenjelelwa zizinto ezifana nobushushu, ukushukuma kwe-electrolyte, kunye noyilo lweseli ye-electrochemical. Ezi zinto zinokuchaphazela izinga lokufakwa kobhedu, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwesixhobo sokulungisa, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko zokusebenza kokucoca.
Ukuqukumbela, umgaqo osebenzayo wee-electrolytic copper rectifiers usekelwe kwimigaqo ye-electrolysis kunye nobunjineli bombane. Ngokuguqula i-AC ibe yi-DC kunye nokulawula i-voltage kunye nomsinga wenkqubo yokucocwa kwe-electrolytic, ezi rectifiers zenza kube lula ukuvelisa ubhedu olusemgangathweni ophezulu, olucocekileyo kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo zoshishino. Ukuqonda ubunzima bee-electrolytic copper rectifiers kubalulekile ekwenzeni ngcono ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemisebenzi yokucocwa kobhedu kwindawo yezoshishino yanamhlanje.
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-19-2024
